تحلیل ضرورت ها و راهبردهای اجرای نظام یادگیری مهارت محور در هنرستان های فنی و حرفه ای: رویکردی بر اساس سنتزپژوهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت آموزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد دماوند، تهران. ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران. ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت فلسفه تعلیم و تربیت، واحد دماوند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران. ایران.

چکیده

هدف: با توجه به نیاز روزافزون بازار کار به نیروهای ماهر، تقویت نظام‌های یادگیری مهارت‌محور در آموزش فنی و حرفه‌ای ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. از این رو، پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل ضرورت ها و راهبردهای اجرایی نظام یادگیری مهارت‌محور در هنرستان‌های فنی و حرفه‌ای شهر تهران انجام شده است.
روش‌شناسی: این پژوهش از نوع آمیخته (کیفی و کمی) بوده، در بخش کیفی از روش سنتزپژوهی هفت مرحله ای کوپر (2015) استفاده شد و داده ها با استفاده از تحلیل محتوای کیفی از نوع کدگذاری باز و محوری، تحلیل و سپس دو الگوی هسته ای و جامع برای نظام یادگیری مهارت محور ارائه گردید. در بخش کمی نیز  از تحلیل نظرات متخصصان بهره گرفته شد. جامعه آماری شامل مقالات مرتبط در پایگاه‌های داخلی ایران، پایگاه داده وب آو ساینس، و گوگل اسکالر در بازه زمانی 2000 تا 2025 و نمونه‌گیری مقالات به شیوه مبتنی بر معیار بوده است. در جستجوی اولیه، 307 مقاله مرتبط انگلیسی شناسایی شد که پس از بررسی و حذف مقالات نامرتبط، تعداد 73 مقاله انتخاب شد. همچنین، 8 مقاله فارسی مرتبط نیز مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت.   
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که برای اجرای موفقیت‌آمیز نظام یادگیری مهارت‌محور، توجه به سیاست‌گذاری و حمایت پایدار، طراحی برنامه‌های درسی مبتنی بر نیاز بازار کار، توسعه مهارت‌های کارآفرینی، و تقویت نقش ذی‌نفعان مختلف از جمله صنعت و نهادهای آموزشی ضروری است.
نتیجه‌گیری و پیشنهادها: مدل ارائه‌شده بر اساس تحلیل و ترکیب مطالعات منتخب، راهکاری جامع برای بهبود نظام یادگیری مهارت‌محور در هنرستان‌های فنی و حرفه‌ای ارائه می‌دهد. بر این اساس، پیشنهاد می‌شود سیاست‌گذاران آموزشی با بهره‌گیری از این مدل، راهکارهای اجرایی مناسب را برای هم‌راستایی آموزش‌های فنی و حرفه‌ای با نیازهای واقعی بازار کار طراحی و پیاده‌سازی کنند.
نوآوری و اصالت: در این مطالعه الگویی نوین برای بهبود نظام یادگیری مهارت‌محور در هنرستان‌های فنی و حرفه‌ای ارائه گردیده و بر انطباق آموزش با نیازهای بازار کار تأکید شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Necessities and Strategies for Implementing a Skill-Based Learning System in Technical and Vocational High Schools: A Synthesis Research Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fateme Zahra AbdiPour 1
  • Mohammad Naghi Imani 2
  • Mahmoud Safari 3
1 Ph.D. Student in Educational Management, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Management, Roudhen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy of Education Management, Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Aim: Given the growing need of the labor market for skilled workers, strengthening skill-based learning systems in technical and vocational education appears essential. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the necessities and implementation strategies of a skill-based learning system in technical and vocational high schools in Tehran.
Methodology: This study employed a mixed-methods approach (qualitative and quantitative). In the qualitative phase, Cooper’s seven-step research synthesis method (2015) was used. The data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis using open and axial coding, resulting in the development of two models—a core and a comprehensive model—for a skill-based learning system. In the quantitative phase, expert opinions were analyzed. The statistical population included relevant articles indexed in Iranian domestic databases, the Web of Science, and Google Scholar within the time frame of 2000 to 2025. Article selection was based on criterion sampling. In the initial search, 307 relevant English-language articles were identified. After screening and excluding irrelevant studies, 73 articles were selected for analysis. Additionally, 8 relevant Persian-language articles were also analyzed.
Results: The study's findings revealed that for the successful implementation of the skill-based learning system, attention to sustainable policymaking and support, curriculum design based on labor market needs, development of entrepreneurial skills, and strengthening the role of various stakeholders, including industry and educational institutions, are essential.
Conclusions and suggestions: The presented model, based on the analysis and synthesis of selected studies, offers a comprehensive solution for improving the skill-based learning system in technical and vocational high schools. Accordingly, it is recommended that educational policymakers utilize this model to design and implement appropriate practical strategies to align technical and vocational education with the real needs of the labor market.
Innovation and originality: In this study, a novel model for improving the skill-based learning system in technical and vocational schools has been proposed, emphasizing the alignment of education with labor market needs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Skill-Based Learning System
  • Educational Policy-Making
  • Internship and Practical Training
  • Technical and Vocational High Schools
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