مرور نظاممند عدالت آموزشی در ایران: مفهومپردازی، چالشها و شاخصها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه روش‌ها و برنامه‌های درسی و آموزشی، دانشکده‌ی روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: پژوهش حاضر طی یک مرور نظام‌مند در صدد آن است تا با تمرکز بر سه رکن اساسی، تصویر جامعی از عدالت آموزشی در ایران ترسیم کند. رکن اول به مفهوم‌پردازی عدالت آموزشی می‌پردازد، رکن دوم، چالش‌ها و راهکارهای مطرح شده در این حوزه را مرور می‌کند و رکن سوم، دسته‌بندی شاخص‌هایی است که بر مبنای آنها می‌توان در مورد نصیب برابر یا نابرابر آموزش در ایران قضاوت کرد.
روش‌شناسی: در فرایند انتخاب پژوهشها و نگارش گزارش از بیانیه‌ی پریزما و مدل مک‌درموت بهره گرفته شد و اطمینان حاصل گردید مقالاتی برای پژوهش انتخاب شوند که دادههای لازم برای پاسخ به سؤالات پژوهش را داشته باشند؛ لذا، در نهایت 23 پژوهش برای این منظور انتخاب گردید و بطور کلی روششناسی پژوهش مبتنی بر روش‌های کیفی مانند تحلیل محتوای کیفی، سندکاوی و مطالعهی کتابخانهای میباشد.
یافته‌ها: مرور پژوهشها نشان میدهد که نشانگرها و شاخصهای به کار گرفته شده در پژوهش‌ها، پنج دستهی کلی را شامل میشوند. همچنین چالشهای مطرح شده پیرامون عدالت آموزشی در ایران را میتوان بر مبنای چهار مؤلفه یعنی؛ موجود بودن آموزش، دسترسی به آموزش، سازگاری و مقبولیت تعلیمات، دستهبندی کرد.
نتیجه‌گیری و پیشنهادات: مطالعهی صورت‌گرفته حاکی از آن است که اغلب، مفهوم‌پردازی عمیقی از عدالت آموزشی صورت نپذیرفته است و عمده استنباطها از عدالت در آموزش مبتنی بر عدالت توزیعی است؛ لذا اینگونه تصور میشود که با تلفیق نظریههای مرتبط همچون نظریهی انتقادی نژاد، نظریه سرمایه اجتماعی، رویکرد قابلیت و نظریه سرمایه انسانی میتوان تعریف و مفهوم جامعتری از عدالت آموزشی ترسیم کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A systematic review of educational equity in Iran: Conceptualization, Challenges, and Indicators

نویسندگان [English]

  • reza mohammadi 1
  • , Amir Soleimani 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Curriculum and Educational Methods and Programs, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 M.A. in Educational Planning, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran,Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The present research aims to provide a comprehensive overview of educational equity in Iran through a systematic review, focusing on three fundamental aspects. The first facet delves into the conceptualization of educational equity, the second reviews the challenges and proposed solutions within this domain, and the third categorizes indicators that can be used to assess equality or inequality in education in Iran. In the process of selecting research articles and composing this report, the study drew upon the principles and the framework proposed by the PRISMA and the McDermott model. Care was taken to choose research studies that provided the necessary data to address the research questions. Ultimately, 23 studies were selected for this purpose. The overall research methodology relies on qualitative methods such as qualitative content analysis and document analysis. The review of these studies reveals that the indicators employed in the research can be categorized into five broad groups. Additionally, challenges surrounding educational equity in Iran can be classified based on four key dimensions: availability, accessibility, adaptability, and acceptability of education. The investigation conducted in this study indicated that there has been limited in-depth conceptualization of educational equity and the majority of inferences are based upon the distributive justice. Therefore, it is believed that by integrating relevant theories such as critical race theory, social capital theory, capability approach, and human capital theory, a more comprehensive and holistic understanding of educational equity can be formulated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Educational equity
  • theories of educational equity
  • challenges of educational equity
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