Leading Schools: Challenges, Characteristics, and Achievements from the Perspective of Administrators

Articles in Press

Document Type : research article

Authors

1 Educational sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

2 Educational Management Master's Student at University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

3 Educational Management PhD Graduate at University of Alame Tabatabayi, Tehran, Iran

4 Biology Teacher, Kermanshah, Iran

10.22080/eps.2025.29438.2349

Abstract

Aim: As a new model in the educational system, progressive schools play an important role in improving the quality of education; therefore, this qualitative study aimed to examine the characteristics, obstacles, and consequences of progressive schools from the perspective of Kermanshah school principals.
Methodology: The research was conducted using an interpretive phenomenological approach and semi-structured interviews with 16 elementary and secondary school principals. Participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed using the Brown and Clark (2006) content analysis method and MAXqda software.
Results: The results showed that leading schools prioritize learner-centered education, the use of new technologies, and the development of practical skills by emphasizing characteristics such as fostering self-reflection, self-reliance, social awareness, a commitment to equality, and educating global citizens. However, these schools face obstacles such as traditional thinking governing the educational structure, passive attitudes, a lack of specialized human resources, and the incompatibility of educational programs with local contexts. These obstacles have limited the full realization of the capacities of leading schools. In contrast, the positive outcomes of these schools include the promotion of technical and technological capabilities, improving the quality of life of students, and strengthening social interactions with society. These findings emphasize the need to overcome structural and cultural challenges and provide targeted support for educational innovations.
Conclusions and suggestions: Leading schools, by emphasizing self-reflection and utilizing modern technology, have the potential to improve the quality of education, but structural and cultural challenges prevent the full realization of this potential. To overcome these obstacles, it is recommended to localize educational programs, empower teachers, and strengthen educational infrastructure.
Innovation and originality: : This study provides a local perspective on leading schools, focusing on the experiences of Kermanshah principals. Unlike previous quantitative studies, this qualitative research offers in-depth insights and practical solutions within the cultural context of Iran.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Journal of Educational Planning Studies

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 14 October 2025

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  • Receive Date: 07 June 2025
  • Revise Date: 04 September 2025
  • Accept Date: 14 October 2025

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