طراحی مدلی بهینه برای بهبود آموزش کارآفرینی با تمرکز بر نقاط ضعف موجود در نظام آموزشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت آموزشی، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران

3 استادیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحدشبستر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شبستر، ایران

10.22080/eps.2025.28089.2291

چکیده

هدف: آموزش مهارت‌های کارآفرینی با چالش‌هایی مواجه است که اثربخشی آن را کاهش داده و نیازمند مدلی بهبودیافته برای بهینه‌سازی برنامه‌ریزی آموزشی است. از این‌رو هدف از پژوهش حاضر طراحی مدلی بهینه برای بهبود آموزش کارآفرینی با تمرکز بر نقاط ضعف موجود در نظام آموزشی است.
روش شناسی: این پژوهش از نظر روش‌شناسی، روش آمیخته (کیفی- کمی) از نوع اکتشافی می­باشد. در ابتدا در بخش کیفی از روش تحلیل محتوا برای شناسایی آسیب‌های موجود در آموزش مهارت کارآفرینی در مدارس استفاده شد و سپس در بخش کمی از روش تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی جهت دسته‌بندی عوامل شناسایی شده و از آزمون فریدمن برای رتبه‌بندی مقولات استفاده شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر نیز در دو بخش کیفی و کمی تقسیم‌بندی شد. در بخش کیفی خبرگان حوزه آموزش کارآفرینی به تعداد 20 نفر انتخاب شد و در بخش کمی معلمان فعال در حوزه آموزش مهارت‌های کارآفرینی مدارس متوسطه دوره دوم که تعداد آن‌ها طی بررسی‌ها حدوداً 275 نفر به دست آمده است؛ 170 نفر به عنوان نمونه به صورت نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. برای تحلیل عامل اکتشافی و آزمون فریدمن از نرم افزار SPSS استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته­های حاصل نشان می­دهد «عوامل زیرساختی آموزش مهارت‌های کارآفرینی در مدارس»، «عوامل محتوایی آموزش مهارت­های کارآفرینی در مدارس»، «عوامل فضای فیزیکی آموزش مهارت­های کارآفرینی در مدارس» و «عوامل دانش علمی معلمان در آموزش مهارت­های کارآفرینی در مدارس» جزو عوامل تأثیرگذار در بهبود و ارتقای آموزش مهارت کارآفرینی در مدارس شناسایی شدند.
نتیجه‌گیری و پیشنهادات: برای بهبود آموزش مهارت‌های کارآفرینی در مدارس، تقویت زیرساخت‌ها، محتوای آموزشی، فضای فیزیکی و دانش علمی معلمان ضروری است. بر این اساس، آموزش کارآمد و مؤثر درس کارآفرینی در مدارس، مستلزم ایجاد یک برنامه جامع و یکپارچه ملی برای آموزش کارآفرینی در مدارس، شامل استانداردسازی محتوا، توانمندسازی معلمان، توسعه محیط‌های یادگیری خلاقانه و اجرای روش‌های عملی و انگیزشی برای دانش‌آموزان است.
نوآوری و اصالت: این پژوهش با تمرکز بر آسیب‌شناسی بومی آموزش کارآفرینی در مدارس تبریز و شناسایی چهار عامل کلیدی تأثیرگذار دارای اصالت موضوعی و نوآوری کاربردی است، به طوری‌که از نتایج آن می‌توان جهت برنامه‌ریزی آموزش درس کارآفرینی در مدارس بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing an optimal model to improve entrepreneurship education by focusing on weaknesses in the educational system

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hoshang Sarvi 1
  • Ghafar Tari 2
  • Omid Ali Hosseinzadeh 3
1 PhD candidate in educational management, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran,
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Management, Shebester Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shebester, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aim: Entrepreneurial skills training faces challenges that reduce its effectiveness, necessitating an improved model for optimizing educational planning. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to design an optimal model to improve entrepreneurship education by focusing on the weaknesses in the educational system.
Methodology: This study employs a mixed-methods (qualitative-quantitative) exploratory approach. In the qualitative section, content analysis was used to identify existing deficiencies in entrepreneurial skills education in schools. In the quantitative section, exploratory factor analysis was applied to categorize the identified factors, and the Friedman test was used for ranking the categories. The study's statistical population was divided into qualitative and quantitative sections. In the qualitative section, 20 experts in entrepreneurship education were selected, while in the quantitative section, 170 teachers involved in entrepreneurship skills training at the second level of secondary schools were chosen through convenience sampling from an estimated total of 275 teachers. SPSS software was used for exploratory factor analysis and the Friedman test.
Results: The findings indicate that "infrastructural factors in entrepreneurial skills education in schools," "content-related factors," "physical environment factors," and "teachers' scientific knowledge" are among the key factors influencing the improvement and enhancement of entrepreneurial skills education in schools.
Conclusions and suggestions: To improve entrepreneurial skills education in schools, it is essential to strengthen infrastructure, educational content, physical environment, and teachers' scientific knowledge. Accordingly, effective and efficient planning of entrepreneurship courses in schools requires consideration of a set of key and interrelated factors within the framework of existing deficiencies in entrepreneurship education.
Innovation and originality: This study, focusing on the local pathology of entrepreneurship education in Tabriz schools and identifying four key influencing factors, possesses thematic originality and practical innovation. Its findings can be utilized for planning entrepreneurship education in schools.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pathology of entrepreneurship
  • entrepreneurship improvement
  • and entrepreneurship skills. Educational planning
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